I was interested in philosophy for quite a while because i) I thought utilitarianism was interesting but also ii) I wanted to see what other schools of thought were out there. For a while I was kind of confused since the other schools I heard about at first (e.g. Kantianism and virtue ethics) seemed to be really vague and I wasn't sure I saw anyone who actually believed them. [I still think that's largely true.]
But over time, I've read some things that I felt helped me understand various nonutilitarian perspectives more and generally enriched my understanding of philosophy. Here are a few I liked (organized a bit by theme). I don't claim to be super well-read; these are just some I learned from. A bunch are encyclopedia articles, some papers, some books.
It would be cool if others could share non-utilitarian writings they like!
Substantive Ethics
- Zamir and Medina, Law, Economics, and Morality [Good exposition of deontology]
- Campbell Brown, "Consequentialize This"
- https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/theory-bioethics/
- Beauchamp and Childress, "Principles of Biomedical Ethics" (know only second-hand)
- John E. Roemer, Theories of Distributive Justice
- Barbara Herman, The Practice of Moral Judgement (Kantianism)
- Rosalind Hursthouse, On Virtue Ethics
- Nozick, "Anarchy, State, and Utopia"
- G.A. Cohen, Self-Ownership, Freedom, and Equality
- G.A. Cohen, Rescuing Conservatism: A Defense of Existing Value
- Desert
- Special Obligations, esp. section on professional obligations
- Political Obligation
- Just War Theory IEP
- Legal Interpretation
- Discrimination
Methodology of Ethics
- Moral Particularism and Generalism
- Alan Thomas "Should Generalism be our Regulative Ideal?"
- Meaning Holism
- Horgan and Timmons "What Does the Frame Problem Tell us About Moral Normativity?"
- Anscombe,"On Brute Facts"
- Thick Ethical Concepts
- Chapelle ed., Intuition, Theory, and Anti-Theory in Ethics
- Rawls' Sequence of Theories and Reflective Equilibrium
- Coherentism
- Bayesian Epistemology
- Sprenger and Hartmann, Bayesian Philosophy of Science (actually haven't read yet but seems very relevant to ideas like "reflective equilibrium").
Have you read Meditations, by Marcus Aurelius? I highly recommend that book for you judging by the books you shared here.