Ord, Toby (2020) The Precipice: Existential Risk and the Future of Humanity, London: Bloomsbury Publishing.Publishing, p. 179.
Cotton-Barratt, Owen, Max Daniel & Anders Sandberg (2020) Defence in depth against human extinction: prevention, response, resilience, and why they all matter, Global Policy, vol. 11, pp. 271–282.
Baumann, Tobias (2019) Risk factors for s-risks, Center for Reducing Suffering, February 13.
Ord, Toby (2020) The Precipice: Existential Risk and the Future of Humanity, London: Bloomsbury Publishing.Publishing, pp. 175–180.
An existential risk factor is a factor that increases the probability of an existential catastrophe. Conversely, an existential security factor is a factor that decreases the probability of
an existentialsuch a catastrophe.[1] Analogous concepts have been used to analyze risks of human extinction[2] and s-risks.[3]